شرح Passive Voice

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Rule

Subject + to be + Past Participle
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Example: I wrote a letter yesterday = A letter was written yesterday.
When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following

1/ the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
2/ to be + past participle
3/ the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence : it is called the agent and we should use 'by' before the agent
4/ The agent can be omitted when it is unknown, unimportant or obvious from the context.
.
إذا كانت لدينا مثل هذه الضمائر في صيغة المبني للمعلوم فإننا لانستعمل حرف الجر
by
في صيغة المبني للمجهول
someone
everyone
somebody
everybody
people
personal pronouns ( I, you , he , she….) etc.

Someone has stolen my pen = My pen has been stolen.
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حالة خاصة

إذا كانت لدينا هذه الأفعال

say – think – believe – know – expect – consider – assume, etc
علينا ان نستعمل احد هاتين الطريقتين
1/ It is said – thought – believed etc…that..
2/ Object + be said / thought / believed to ………..
Example : People believe that speed is the main cause of accidents in Morocco.
1/ It is believed that speed is the main cause of accidents in Morocco.
2/ Speed is believed to be the main cause of accident in Morocco.
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إضافة
تغييرات في الضمائر
me = I
you = you
him = he
her = she
it = it
us = we
them = they
Example = Amin gave him a gift = He was given a gift by Amin